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Persistent pain at 12 months after myocardial infarction (MI) has emerged as an important but often underappreciated clinical finding in long-term cardiovascular care. While acute survival after MI has improved dramatically due to early reperfusion strategies, evidence-based pharmacotherapy, and structured secondary prevention, a growing number of survivors continue to report ongoing pain one year after the index event.  This observation raises a critical clinical question:  does persistent post-MI pain signal a higher risk of long-term mortality, particularly over an eight-year follow-up period? In recent years, attention has shifted from short-term survival to long-term outcomes, functional recovery, and quality of life among MI survivors. Persistent pain—most commonly chest pain but also including musculoskeletal discomfort, neuropathic symptoms, or diffuse bodily pain—poses a diagnostic and prognostic challenge.  Clinicians must determine whether such pain represents ...

Blood pressure readings can vary based on posture and rest state. Most of us believe that blood pressure problems show up only when we’re active or stressed. But what if your blood pressure quietly rises when you lie down , even though your regular readings look normal? This lesser-known condition is called supine hypertension , and recent large-scale medical studies suggest it may carry serious hidden risks . Supine hypertension refers to high blood pressure measured while lying flat on your back . Research has linked it to a higher long-term risk of heart attack, stroke, heart failure, and even premature death — sometimes in people whose seated or standing blood pressure appears perfectly fine. Because most clinics do not routinely measure blood pressure in the lying position , this risk often goes unnoticed. That’s why this topic matters. A simple blood pressure check at home or in a clinic — done while lying down — can uncover problems that standard readings miss. This is esp...